Mnemonic-Porphyrias

Aeyy! Please Help Varun Buy Car Polo


Hepatic
Acute intermittent porphyria
Porphyria cutnae tarda
Hereditary coproporphyria
Variegate porphyria


Erythropoietic
Cogenital erythropoietic porphyria
Protoporphyria

Mnemonic-Enzymes: classification

Over The HILL

Oxidoreductases

Transferases

Hydrolases

Isomerases

Ligases

Lyases

Mnemonic-Citric acid cycle

Oh Citric Acid Is Of(course) A Silly Stupid Funny Molecule

Oxaloacetate

Citrate

Cis-Aconitase

Isocitrate

Oxalosuccinate

Alpha Ketogluterate

Succinyl CoA

Succinate

Fumerate

Malate

Mnemonic-Fat soluble Vitamins

ADEK

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

Mnemonic-Vitamin B3 (niacin, nicotinic acid) deficiency: pellagra

The 3 D's of pellagra:

Dermatitis

Diarrhea

Dementia

Mnemonic-Glycolysis

"Goodness Gracious, Father Franklin Did Go By Picking Pumpkins (to) Prepare Pies"

Glucose

Glucose-6-P

Fructose-6-P

Fructose-1,6-diP

Dihydroxyacetone-P

Glyceraldehyde-P

1,3-Biphosphoglycerate

3-Phosphoglycerate

2-Phosphoglycerate (to)

Phosphoenolpyruvate [PEP]

Pyruvate

Mnemonic-Glycogen storage: Anderson's (IV) vs. Cori's (III) enzyme defect

ABCD

Anderson's=Branching enzyme.

Cori's=Debranching enzyme

Mnemonic-Essential amino acids

PVT. TIM HALL 

Phe

Val

Thr

Trp

Ile

Met

His

Arg

Lue

Lys

Mnemonic-Osteoblast vs. osteoclast

OsteoBlast Builds bone.

OsteoClast Consumes bone.

Mnemonic-Prolactin and oxytocin: functions

PROlactin stimulates the mammary glands to PROduce milk.

Oxytocin stimulates the mammary glands to Ooze (release) milk.

Mnemonic-Temperature control: cerebral regions

"High Power Air Conditioner":

Heating = Posterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus].

Anterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus] = Cooling.

Mnemonic-Progesterone: actions

PROGESTE:

Produce cervical mucous

Relax uterine smooth muscle

Oxycotin sensitivity down

Gonadotropin [FSH, LH] secretions down

Endometrial spiral arteries and secretions up

Sustain pregnancy

Temperature up / Tit development

Excitability of myometrium down

Mnemonic-Hyperthyroidism: signs and symptoms

THYROIDISM:

Tremor

Heart rate up

Yawning [fatigability]

Restlessness

Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea

Intolerance to heat

Diarrhea

Irritability

Sweating

Musle wasting & weight loss

Mnemonic-Vertebrae: recognizing a thoracic from lumbar

Thoracic is heart-shaped body since your heart is in your thorax.
Lumbar is kidney-bean shaped since kidneys are in lumbar area

Mnemonic-Pituitary hormones

FLAGTOP


Follicle stimulating hormone
Lutinizing hormone
Adrenocorticotropin hormone
Growth hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Oxytocin
Prolactin

Innovation=Unemployment

I know you are confused that why am I saying so. But,I think so I have a point. Today,while traveling by rail to Amritsar,I noticed one thing that is "Innovation leads to Unemployment". Our luggages have tires now,which is a great innovation for us as it makes it easy to carry but it has left a lot of coolies unemployed. Food for Thought...
Sent on my BlackBerry® from Vodafone

Mnemonic-Abdominal muscles

TIRE:



Transversus
Internal oblique
Rectus abdominus
External oblique

Mnemonic-Layers of the adrenal

GFR: Glomerular, Fascicular, Reticular

Mnemonic-Foramen ovale contents

OVALE:

Otic ganglion (just inferior)

V3 cranial nerve

Accessory meningeal artery

Lesser petrosal nerve

Emissary veins

Mnemonic-Carpal bones: trapezium vs. trapezoid location

Since there's two T's in carpal bone mnemonic sentences, need to know which T is where:

 TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapezOID is by its SIDE.

Mnemonic-Spermatic cord contents

"Piles Don't Contribute To A Good Sex Life":
Pampiniform plexus
Ductus deferens
Cremasteric artery

Testicular artery
Artery of the ductus deferens
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Sympathetic nerve fibers
Lymphatic vessels

Mnemonic-Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract

SEVEn UP:
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct

Urethra
Penis

Mnemonic-Scrotum layers

"Some Damn Englishman Called It The Testis"

From superficial to deep:
Skin
Dartos
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis
Testis

Mnemonic-Bronchopulmonary segments of right lung

"A PALM Seed Makes Another Little Palm"=10 Bronchopulmonary segments

In order from superior to inferior:
Apical
Posterior
Anterior
Lateral
Medial
Superior
Medial basal
Anterior basal
Lateral basal
Posterior basal

Mnemonic-Thigh: innervation by compartment

"MAP OF Sciatic
Medial compartment: Obturator
Anterior: Femoral
Posterior compartment: Sciatic

Mnemonic-Scalp: nerve supply

GLASS:
Greater occipital & Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital

Mnemonic-Radial nerve: muscles supplied (simplified)

"BEST muscles":
Brachioradialis
Extensors
Supinator
Triceps

Mnemonic-Radial nerve: muscles innervated

"Try A Big Chocolate Chip Sundae, Double Dip Cherries And Peanuts Preferably Included":

In order of their innervation, proximal to distal:
Triceps
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
ext. Carpi radialis longus
ext. Carpi radialis brevis
Supinator
ext. Digitorum
ext.Digiti minimi
ext. Carpi ulnaris
Abductor poll. longus
ext. Poll. brevis
ext. Poll. longus
ext. Indicis

For simpler mnemonic refer the next post.

Mnemonic-Facial nerve: branches after Stylomastoid foramen

"Ten Zulus Buggered My Cat (Painfully)":
From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
(Posterior auricular nerve)

Mnemonic-Brachial plexus: branches of posterior cord

STAR:
Subscapular [upper and lower]
Thoracodorsal
Axillary
Radial

Mnemonic-Rotator cuff muscles

"The SITS muscles":
Clockwise from top:
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Mnemonic-Plantarflexion vs. dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion occurs when you squish a Plant with your foot.

Mnemonic-Inversion vs. eversion muscles in leg

Second letter rule for inversion/eversion:
eversion muscles:
perineus longus
perineus brevis
perineus terius

inversion muscles:
tibialis anterior
tibialis posterior

Mnemonic-Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface)

"A OF A OF A":


Thenar, lateral to medial:
Abductor pollicis longus
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis.

Hypothenar, lateral to medial:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi

Mnemonic-Bicipital groove: attachments of muscles near it

"The lady between two majors":
Teres major attaches to medial lip of groove.
Pectoralis major to lateral lip of groove.
Latissimus (Lady) is on floor of groove, between the 2 majors

Mnemonic-Erector spinae muscles

"I Love Studies"


From lateral to medial:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Mnemonic-Elbow: muscles that flex it

Three B's :
Brachialis
Biceps
Brachioradialis

Mnemonic-Spleen: dimensions, weight, surface anatomy

"1,3,5,7,9,11":
Spleen dimensions are 1 inch x 3 inches x 5 inches.
Weight is 7 ounces.
It underlies ribs 9 through 11.

Mnemonic-Scalp layers

SCALP:

From superficial to deep:
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

Mnemonic-Thoracoacromial artery branches

ABCD:
Acromial
Breast (pectoral)
Clavicular
Deltoid

Merry Christmas

Mnemonic-Maxillary artery branches

Deep auricular
Anterior tympanic
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Accessory meningeal
Masseteric
Pterygoid
Deep temporal
Buccal
Sphenopalatine
Descending palatine
Infraorbital
Posterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Pharyngeal
Anterior superior alveolar
Artery of the pterygoid canal

Mnemonic:
DAM I AM Piss Drunk But Stupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone Alcoholics Anonymous

Mnemonic-Internal jugular vein: tributaries

From inferior to superior:
Middle thyroid
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Common facial
Pharyngeal
Inferior petrosal sinus

Mnemonic:
Medical Schools Let Confident People In

Mnemonic-Femoral triangle: arrangement of contents

From lateral hip towards medial :
Nerve (directly behind sheath)
Artery (within sheath)
Vein (within sheath)
Empty space (between vein and lymph)
Lymphatics (with deep inguinal node)
Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral

Mnemonic:
NAVEL

Mnemonic-Cavernous sinus contents

Occulomotor nerve (III)
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Carotid artery
Abducent nerve (VI)


Mnemonic
O TOM CAt

Mnemonic-Tarsal tunnel: contents

From superior to inferior:
T: Tibialis posterior
F: Flexor Digitorum longus
A: posterior tibial Artery
N: tibial Nerve
H: flexor Hallucis longus

Mnemonic:
Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters

Mnemonic-Brachial artery: recurrent and collateral branches

Inferior ulnar collateral artery goes with Anterior ulnar recurrent artery.
Posterior ulnar recurrent artery goes with Superior ulnar collateral artery

Mnemonic:
I Am Pretty Smart

Mnemonic-Inferior vena cava tributaries

Illiacs
Lumbar
Testicular
Renal
Suprarenal
Hepatic vein

Mnemonic:
I Like To Rise So High

Mnemonic-Cubital fossa contents

 From lateral to medial:
Radial Nerve
Biceps Tendon
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve


Mnemonic:
Really Need Booze To Be At My Nicest

Mnemonic-Cranial Nerves

I-Optic
 II-Olfactory
III-Oculomotor
IV-Trochlear
V-Trigeminal,
VI-Abducens
VII-Facial
VIII-Acoustic(Vestibulocochlear)
IX-Glossophrayngeal
X-Vagus
XI-Spinal Accessory
XII-Hypoglossal


Mnemonic:
Oh Once One Takes The Anatomy Final Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly

Mnemonic-Coelic trunk:branches

Left Hand Side (LHS):

Left gastric artery

Hepatic artery

Splenic artery

Mnemonic-Carotid sheath contents

"I See 10 CC's in the IV":

I See (I.C.) = Internal Carotid artery

10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve)

CC = Common Carotid artery

IV = Internal Jugular Vein

Mnemonic-Axillary artery branches

"Screw The Lawyer Save A Patient":

Superior thoracic

Thoracoacromiol

Lateral thoracic

Subscapular

Anterior circumflex humeral

Posterior circumflex humeral

Mnemonic-Aortic arch:major branch order

ABC'S":

Aortic arch gives rise to:

Brachiocephalic trunk

left Common Carotid

left Subclavian

Beware though trick question of 'What is first branch of aorta?' Technically, it's the coronary arteries.

Mnemonic-Atrioventricular valves

"LAB RAT":
Left Atrium: Bicuspid
Right Atrium: Tricuspid 

Mnemonic-Interossei muscles: actions of dorsal vs. palmar in hand

PAd and DAb":
The Palmar Adduct and the Dorsal Abduct.

Mnemonic-Serratus anterior: innervation

SALT:


Serratus Anterior = Long Thoracic. 
External carotid artery branches

Mnemonic-Brachial plexus subunits

Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches

"Read The Damn Cadaver Book!"

Mnemonic-Deep tendon reflexes: root supply

One, two-- buckle my shoe. Three, four-- kick the door. Five, six-- pick up sticks. Seven, eight-- shut the gate.


S1,2 = ankle jerk
L3,4 = knee jerk
C5,6 = biceps and brachioradialis
C7,8 = triceps 

Mnemonic-Femoral triangle: boundaries

"So I May Always Love Studies":
Superiorly: Inguinal ligament
Medially: Adductor longus
Laterally: Sartorius 

Mnemonic-Hand fractures: Colle's vs. Smith's

Colle's fracture: arm in fall position makes a 'C' shape.
Smith's fracture: arm in fall position makes a 'S' shape. 

Mnemonic-Thigh: lateral rotators

"Pretty Girls Often Get Off Quickly":
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadradus femorus 

Mnemonic-Duodenum: lengths of parts

"Counting 1 to 4 but staggered":
1st part: 2 inches
2nd part: 3 inches
3rd part: 4 inches
4th part: 1 inch

Mnemonic-Extraocular muscles

LR6 (SO4) LR6: Lateral rectus --> VI abductens
SO4: Superior Oblique --> IV Trochlear
All other extraocularmotor muscles are CN III

Mnemonic-Bones of the Wrist

Lateral to Medial:


Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate




Mnemonic:


She is too pretty,try to catch her

Mnemonic-Diaphragm apertures: spinal levels

Diaphragm apertures: spinal levels
Aortic hiatus = 12 letters = T12
Oesophagus = 10 letters = T10
Vena cava = 8 letters = T8

Amrita Medical College 2011

For MBBS/BDS/BAMS

Sale of applications commence on: 01st March, 2011, Tuesday

Date of examination: 22nd May, 2011, Sunday

For more details contact 0484-2855651, 8037, 8374, Email ugadmissions@aims.amrita.edu, Website www.amrita.edu

MGIMS WARDHA 2011

MBBS course for the academic year 2011-12

Applications are invited on prescribed form for admission to MBBS course starting from 1st July 2011.

The candidates shall be selected as per their merit in the Entrance Examination to be held on 17th April 2011 at Nagpur, Delhi, Hyderabad Mumbai, Varanasi and Guwahati.

Those students who are going to appear in 10+2 higher secondary board examination in March/April 2011 are also eligible to appear in the competitive entrance examination.

In the entrance examination the paper of Physics, Chemistry and Biology will have multiple choice questions, while that on Gandhian thought will be of long and short answer type.

The Prospectus and Application Form with syllabus, question papers of Gandhian thought for the last 5 years, with model question papers of Physics Chemistry and Biology can be had from the office of the Dean by remitting a sum of Rs.1100/- (Rs.1000 + Rs.100 as postal charges) only by Money order in favour of the Dean, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, District Wardha - 442102 or by paying Rs.1000/- in cash at the college counter. Candidates must write their full address in capital letters and phone number on the "space for Communication and the space for sender's address on the money order form.

Candidates must write their full address in capital letters and phone number on the ‘space for communication and the space for sender’s address on the money order form.

The Prospectus & Form will be available from 1st December 2010.

ELIGIBILITY:

The candidate must attain 17 years of age on or before 31st December of the year of admission. The Candidate must have passed 12th standard examination under 10+2 system of Maharashtra State Higher Secondary Education Board or equivalent examination of any recognised Board or any Indian University with English, Physics, Chemistry and Biology individually in each subject in one and the same attempt. The candidate must have obtained minimum 50% marks (40% in the case of SC/ ST/ VJ/ NT/ OBC) taken together in Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

The admission is subject to any direction given by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India, Hon'ble High Court of Bombay Bench, Nagpur, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik and the Medical Council of India.

NOTE

1. The institute has sought the permission for increasing the capacity of admissions to 1st year MBBS from 65 to 100. In case the permission is received by the time the admission procedure is completed, it will be our endeavor to admit 100 students.
2. The fee structure in MGIMS is as applicable to the Govt. Medical Colleges in Maharashtra State. The Institute does not have any paid seats.
3. Please visit our website www.mgims.ac.in for updates

Contact:
Dean,Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences,
Sevagram,
District Wardha,
Maharashtra – 442102, India.
Ph: 07152-284341 to 355
Visit: www.mgims.ac.in

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY Common Entrance Test (IPU CET) 2011

The admission brochures for the session 2010-11 are already on sale from the selected branches of Punjab and Sind Bank.The last date for submission of application form is 25th April, 2011 (Monday)


Date of exam: 7th May, 2011(Saturday), 2.00 am-5.00 pm


For further details please see the university website www.ipu.ac.in

CBSE AIPMT 2011

Applications are invited in the prescribed form for All India Pre-Medical / Pre-Dental Entrance Examination (AIPMT) 2011to be conducted by the Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi as per the following schedule for admission to 15% of the total seats for Medical/Dental Courses in all Medical/Dental Colleges run by the Union of India, State Governments, Municipal and other local authorities in India except in the States of ANDHRA PRADESH AND JAMMU &
KASHMIR :-
1. Preliminary Examination - 3rd April, 2011 (Sunday)
2. Final Examination - 15th May, 2011 (Sunday)

PATTERN OF EXAMINATION: BOTH PRELIMINARY AND FINAL EXAMINATION WOULD BE OBJECTIVE TYPE.

CBSE AIPMT 2011 Important Dates

Sale of bulletin: 13th December, 2010 to 31st December, 2010

Online submission: 15th November, 2010 to 31st December, 2010

Last date of receipt of off line application: 07th January, 2011

Last date of receipt of online application (confirmation page): 07th Jaanuary, 2011

How to Apply

Online

Online submission of application may be made by accessing the board’s website www.aipmt.nic.in from 15th November, 2010 (10.00 a.m.) to 31st December, 2010 (5.00 p.m.). Instructions for sending online application, payment of fee and computer generated printout are available on website. Candidates submitting online application have been given exemption of Rs 100/- in the examination fee irrespective of their category

Accordingly, fee of Rs 700/- for general/OBC category candidates and Rs 350/- for SC/ST category candidates may be remitted in the following ways; by credit card, or through demand draft in favour of Secretary, central board of secondary education, Delhi drawn on any nationalized bank payable at Delhi

Offline

Offline submission of application may be made on the prescribed application form. The information bulletin and application form costing Rs 800/- for General/OBC category and Rs 450/- for SC/ST category can be obtained against cash payment from the designated branches of Canara bank/regional offices of the CBSE between 13th December, 2010 to 31st December, 2010. Information bulletin and application form can also be obtained by post from the board by sending a written request with a demand draft for Rs 850/- for general/OBC category and Rs 500/- for SC/ST category payable to the secretary, central board of secondary education, Delhi along with a self addressed envelope of size 12”x10”. The request must reach to the board on or before 24th December, 2010. The request should be superscribed as request for information bulletin and application form forAIPMT-2011

IMPORTANT

-Candidates must purchase the application forms from the designated branches of Canara bank or regional offices of CBSE only. Application form obtained from an unauthorized source will be rejected

-Candidates are advised to dispatch their filled in application forms through registered post/speed post only. Candidates are also advised not to dispatch application form by courier

-Application may be submitted with late fee also. Related details are available on website

-Application forms after later date will not be accepted irrespective of the date of booking

- Detailed information is available on Board’s website www.aipmt.nic.in

Advice for medical aspirants!

All you medical aspirants out there,preparing hard for your dreams to seep through this tough competition to get admission in a good college.I know as it is nearing to the date of release of forms,the tension is mounting and shoulders are falling down.A piece of  advice from my side,don't only work hard but also be a bit alert.Don't think that if you don't get into a government college that its the end of your life or you have to put another year instead,fill out the forms of all possible colleges that you are eligible for and i bet you there are a lots of them.

You can check out the list of all recognized colleges by MCI and apply in them and here is the link:
http://www.mciindia.org/InformationDesk/MedicalCollegeHospitals/ListofCollegesTeachingMBBS.aspx

And most important keep checking or just subscribe the blog as i will keep you updated about the forms as and when they come out.

Mnemonic-Meckel's diverticulum

2 inches long.
2 feet from end of ileum.
2 times more common in men.
2% occurrence in population.
2 types of tissues may be present.

Hey fans!!

Do take out time to subscribe to my blog by entering your email ids in the box top left of the blog, and you will get a verification email!Do verify it...

PG MCQs 143-146

Q143.One of the foll. is wrong about
androgen insensitivity syndrome
A)? LH
B) ? LH
C)?Testosterone
D)?Estrogen

Ans. B) LH

Q144.Which of the following indicates capsid protein of HIV
a) gp 24
B) gp 120
c) p 24
d) p 17

Ans. c) p 24

Q145.Which of the following anti-arrhythmics is contraindicated post-MI?
a)Disopyramide
B)Mexiletine
c)Flecainide
d)Tocainide

Ans145 c) Flecainide

Q146.Which of the foll. urinary stone is not seen on X ray?
a)Ca.oxalate
B)Struvite
c)Uric acid
d)Cystine

Ans. C)Uric Acid
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SACHIN,the Great!

PG MCQs 139-142

Q139.Mature lymphocytes do not express all of the following EXCEPT
A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgG
D)IgD

Ans. D)IgD

Q140.Antigen variation is seen in all EXCEPT
a)Salmonella
B)Borrelia
c)Neisseria Gonorrhea
d)Shigella

Ans. D)Shigella

Q141.The cytokine involved in granuloma formation is
a)Interferon alpha
B)IL-4
c)Interferon gamma
d)TNF

Ans141 C)Interferon Gamma.

Q142.Ataxia Telengiectasia has foll.immune deficit
a)T cell deficiency
B)Ig M deficncy
c)IgA deficncy
d)Leukocyte Adhesion Deficncy

Ans C)IgA deficiency
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PG MCQs 123-138

Q123.Which of the following do not use ketone bodies
a)Cardiac cells
B)Neurons
c)Kidney
d)Erythrocytes

Ans. d) Erythrocytes.


Q124.All of the following are beta hemolytic bacteria except
a)S. Aureus
B)List. Monocytogenes
c)S. Agalactiae
d)S. Pneumoniae

Ans. d)S. Pneumoniae


Q125.Which is the amino acid deficient in Hartnup Disease
a)Tyrosine
B)Niacin
c)Tryptophan
d)Threonine

Ans125 c)Tryptophan
Explaination:Hartnup disease is caused bt deficient absorption of tryptophan from intestine
Niacin(B) is a not an amino acid,nonetheless its synthesized from tryptophan.

Q.126.Grieseofulvin acts on
a)G1 phase
B)G2 phase
c)S phase
d)M phase

Ans126.d)M phase
Explaination: It acts on microtubule assembly and inhibits mitosis


Q.127.Wch of the foll. grows pink colonies on Mac Conkey agar
a)Shigella
B)Salmonella
c)Proteus
d)Klebsiella

Ans. d)Klebsiella
Shows lactose fermentation


Q128.Which strains of HPV cause condyloma acuminata?
a)1,4
B)11,16
c)6,11
d)16,18

Ans. c)6 , 11


Q129.Measles is caused by
a)Paramyxo virus
B)Toga virus
c)Reo virus
d)Picorna virus

Ans. a) Paramyxo virus


Q.130.Wch of the foll. antibodies is specific and prognostic for SLE?
a)ANA
B)Anti ds DNA
c)Anti smith antibody
d)Anticardiolipin

Ans. B)Anti ds DNA.


Q131.Which of the foll.is present in serum during window phase of hepatitis B infection?
a)HBs Ag
B)HBc Ag
c)HBe Ag
d)Anti HBc Ab

Ans. d) Anti HBc Ab


Q.132.All of the foll. r premalignant lesion Xcpt
a)Actinic keratosis
B)Hairy leukoplakia
c)Acanthosis nigricans
d)Polyps of FAP

Ans. B)Hairy leukoplakia


Q133.Defense against disseminated candidiasis is provided by
a)Neutrophil
B)Eosinophil
c)T lymphocyte
d)B lymphocyte
Ans. a)Neutrophil
Neutrophils prevent d hematogenous spread of the infecn thus preventing d dissemination


Q134.Wch of the foll. component of a lipoprotein causes activation of lipoprotein lipase?
a)Apo AI
B)Apo B100
c)Apo C II
d)Apo E3/E4

Ans a)Apo C II.


Q.135.M spike seen on electrophoresis in Multiple myeloma indicates
a)Ig M antibody
B)Ig light chain
c)Ig G antibody
d)Ig heavy chain

Ans. c)Ig G antibody

Q136.Translocation t(14:18) is seen in
a)Follicular lymphoma
B)Mantle cell lymphoma
c)Burkitt's lymphoma
d)CLL

Ans.a)Follicular lymphoma


Q137.Whr r T cells found in spleen
a)White pulp
B)Medulla
c)Red Pulp
d)Cortex

Ans C)Red Pulp
T cells r found in RedPulp & Peri arterial Lymphatic Sheath


Q138.Innate immunity functions through all of the foll. except
a)Neutrophils
B)Macrophages
c)Dendritic cells
d)B cells

Ans. D)B cell

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